Buton – The World's Largest Stone Fortress and Sultanate Heritage in Southeast Sulawesi
Buton Regency lies in Southeast Sulawesi province, on the southern part of Buton Island. The regional capital, Baubau, is a lively port city. Buton is the legacy of the former Buton Sultanate, whose centre was Fort Wolio – one of the world's largest medieval stone fortresses, covering 23 hectares. The island is also known for its coral coastline and proximity to Wakatobi National Park.
Attractions and Activities
Fort Wolio (Benteng Wolio) sits enthroned on the island's hilltop and remains an inhabited area – within the walls you find a mosque, traditional wooden houses and the remains of the sultan's palace. The view from the fort across the Banda Sea is breathtaking. Nirwana Beach near Baubau tempts with white sand and turquoise water. Smaller coral islands (Kadatua, Mawasangka) reachable by boat from Buton's eastern coast offer excellent snorkelling. Wakatobi National Park (World Heritage nominee) is accessible through the neighbouring Wakatobi regency, but Baubau is the natural starting point.
Culture and Cuisine
Butonese culture is rich: the Wolio language was the sultanate's official language, and traditional Butonese dance (linda) and textile art (kain buton weaving) remain living traditions. Cuisine is built on fresh sea fish – parende (spiced fish curry) and kasuami (cassava flatbread eaten with fish sauce) are characteristic local dishes.
Public Safety
Buton is a safe region. You can walk around Baubau at night without concern – the fort area and harbour are well lit. Use reliable local boat operators for sea excursions. Roads on the island are mostly in good condition, but more remote sections have dirt roads. Baubau has a hospital (RSUD Baubau); for more serious care, Kendari is reachable by ferry.
Practical Information
Baubau Betoambari Airport receives flights from Makassar and Kendari. A ferry also operates between Kendari and Baubau (approx. 4–5 hours). The best time to visit is April to October. Accommodation in Baubau ranges from simple hotels to mid-range hotels.